Many people can eventually be restarted on a lower dose of antipsychotic. Rapid diagnosis and treatment is required to improve outcomes. The risk of death among those affected is about 10%. Medications used include dantrolene, bromocriptine, and diazepam. Management includes stopping the offending medication, rapid cooling, and starting other medications. The underlying mechanism involves blockage of dopamine receptors. Rapidly decreasing the use of levodopa or other dopamine agonists, such as pramipexole, may also trigger the condition. Risk factors include dehydration, agitation, and catatonia. Onset is often within a few weeks of starting the medication but can occur at any time. Īny medications within the family of neuroleptics can cause the condition, though typical antipsychotics appear to have a higher risk than atypicals, specifically first generation antipsychotics like haloperidol. Complications may include rhabdomyolysis, high blood potassium, kidney failure, or seizures. Symptoms include high fever, confusion, rigid muscles, variable blood pressure, sweating, and fast heart rate. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ( NMS) is a rare but life-threatening reaction that can occur in response to neuroleptic or antipsychotic medication. Stopping the offending medication, rapid cooling, starting other medications ġ5 per 100,000 per year (on neuroleptics) Heat stroke, malignant hyperthermia, serotonin syndrome, lethal catatonia Neuroleptic or antipsychotic medication īased on symptoms in someone who has started neuroleptics within the last month Rhabdomyolysis, high blood potassium, kidney failure, seizures High fever, confusion, rigid muscles, variable blood pressure, sweating Medical condition Neuroleptic malignant syndromeĬritical care medicine, neurology, psychiatry
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